Ahead of key court ruling, Beijing in propaganda overdrive

From Reuters (Jul 3): Ahead of key court ruling, Beijing in propaganda overdrive



The alleged on-going land reclamation of China at Subi reef is seen from Pagasa island (Thitu Island) in the Spratlys group of islands in the South China Sea, west of Palawan, Philippines, May 11, 2015.  Reuters/Ritchie B. Tongo/Pool/File Photo

As an international tribunal prepares to rule on Beijing's territorial claims in the South China Sea, officials in Washington, Tokyo and Southeast Asia are on tenterhooks.

Yet, in the words of one senior Chinese official, Beijing does not care.

On July 12, the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague will rule on a case brought by the Philippines against China over its territorial claims and actions across the disputed waters and vital global trade route.

Beijing claims some 90 percent of the South China Sea, and the Philippines is challenging it under a United Nations maritime convention.

"We do not know, we don't care, in fact, when this arbitration decision will be made, because no matter what kind of decision this tribunal is going to make, we think it is totally wrong," China's ambassador to the UK, Liu Xiaoming, told Reuters at a recent lunch in London.

"It has no impact on China, on China's sovereignty over these reefs, over the islands. And it will set a serious, wrong and bad example. We will not fight this case in court, but we will certainly fight for our sovereignty."

Beijing's plans to ignore the ruling would represent both a rejection of the international legal order and a direct challenge to the United States, which believes China is developing islands and reefs for military, as well as civilian purposes in a threat to stability.

It would also significantly raise the stakes over dispute, according to lawyers, diplomats and security experts.

How Washington handles the aftermath of the ruling is widely seen as a test of its credibility in a region where it has been the dominant security presence since World War Two against an increasingly assertive China.

China in turn sees this as a matter of defending its territorial and political sovereignty against the United States.

Other nations laying claim to disputed areas of the South China sea felt emboldened to challenge China because they felt they had the United States on their side, Liu said.

"They probably believe that they have America (behind them) and they can get a better deal with China. So I'm very suspicious of America's motives."

So while Beijing scoffs at the imminent decision, it is also making an international PR effort to get its view heard.

Beijing has organized meetings with diplomats and journalists and has expressed its views in a slew of editorials and academic papers around the world.

"Manila has no leg to stand on," said one report in the China Daily's inaugural New Zealand edition.

Asian and Western diplomats said their Chinese peers were raising the issue constantly, and at all levels.

"It's relentless. We haven't seen anything like this in years," said one Asian-based Western envoy.

China says more than 40 countries back its position that such territorial disputes should be handled through bilateral discussions not international arbitration, although only a handful of countries have publicly voiced their support.

Both Chinese and Western analysts say the ruling is not just about the territorial claims in the South China sea, but speaks to broader Sino-U.S. tensions over China's rise.

"This is about exposing Washington's declining primacy," said Zhang Baohui, a mainland security expert at Hong Kong's Lingnan University. "China gains reputational power by showing the U.S. that it can't dictate Chinese actions."

ARGUING THE CASE

The law under which the Philippines has made its claim is the UN's Convention on the Law of the Sea, known as UNCLOS, which outlines what can be claimed from different geographic features such as islands and reefs. China is a signatory of the convention, one of the first international agreements it helped negotiate after joining the UN.

But Beijing says the issue is beyond the remit of UNCLOS and The Hague court because China has undisputable, historic rights and sovereignty over much of the South China Sea.

China's claims are expressed on its maps as the so-called nine dash line, an ill-defined U-shaped demarcation drawn up after the defeat of Japan in World War II.

Manila's case is based around 15 points that challenge the legality of China's claims and its recent reclamations on seven disputed reefs in the fishing and energy rich region.

It also seeking support for the Philippines' right to exploit is 200-nautical mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ).

Sources close to Manila's legal team said they are confident of favorable rulings on enough points to create significant pressure on China's future moves in the waterway.

Many of Manila's arguments in court last November were couched in arcane legal terms, but to drive home the point about the scale of China's on-going building works, lawyers used a slide show.

Amsterdam's sprawling Schiphol airport was shown fitting neatly into China's new runways on Subi Reef.

"We knew the judges had all used Schiphol," said one source close to Manila's case. "We think they got the point."

UNITED RESPONSE?

Ahead of the vote, the UK, Australia and Japan are among countries that have joined Washington in stressing the importance of freedom of navigation and respect for the rule of law.

U.S. officials have also been pressing Southeast Asian nations to forge a united front on the issue, with limited success so far.

Vietnam, which has made a submission to the panel not ruled out taking its own legal action, on Friday called for a "fair and objective" ruling from the tribunal.

The G7 and EU groupings have stated that ruling must be binding, despite China's objections, while Vietnam gave a submission to the court supporting its jurisdiction.

Legal experts say that while the ruling is technically binding, no body exists to enforce UNCLOS rulings. 

Concerns are growing among regional military and government officials that, regardless of the ruling, Beijing could launch fresh military action and re-building efforts to buttress its claims.

China may deploy fighter jets or missiles to its new facilities on the Spratlys, create an air exclusion zone or starting fresh reclamation work on shoals occupied within the Philippines, U.S. and regional military officials say.

Beijing says the reefs are Chinese territory and it is entitled to station "self-defense" equipment on its holdings as it sees fit to counter U.S. provocation.

In Washington, concern is particularly acute over whether China attempts to make permanent its sea-borne presence near the Scarborough Shoal, near the Philippines, by building on the reef.

Liu outlined various civilian developments completed and underway in the South China Sea. He said there were also military facilities being built, adding:

"I was asked why China is also building military facilities. You should ask the Americans. They made us feel threatened. It's not we (who) are threatening the Americans. They are so close to us."

The United States has been increasing its own military presence in the region where Malaysian, Vietnam, Brunei and Taiwan also have claims. France has also proposed to European countries that they take part in joint South China Sea patrols.

U.S. responses could include accelerated freedom-of-navigation patrols by U.S. warships and overflights by U.S. aircraft as well as increased defense aid to Southeast Asian countries, according to U.S. officials speaking on the condition of anonymity.

Liu said Beijing wanted to resolve the disputes through bilateral negotiations.

"We are not going to war with these countries, we do not want to have a fight with them," he said. "But we still claim our sovereignty over these islands."

http://www.reuters.com/article/us-southchinasea-ruling-idUSKCN0ZJ117

A South China Sea Explosion: Why China Might Go ‘Rogue’ on July 12, 2016

From The National Interest (Jul 1): A South China Sea Explosion: Why China Might Go ‘Rogue’ on July 12, 2016



If there ever was a time to follow the always action-packed South China Sea showdown, mark your calendar for July 12th.

Why this specific date? Well, that is the date the International Court of Arbitration has set to issue its ruling in the case of China vs. the Philippines. Most experts are of the collective mind that Beijing is likely to suffer some sort of negative outcome — an outcome they are already trying to distance themselves from.

But what will China do when the verdict is handed down and they likely lose in large measure, as is widely expected?

Beijing has several options — laid out below for your reading pleasure — and most are all bad not only for Asia as a whole, but especially so for Washington, considering it is a treaty ally of Manila and the only party with the capability to reign Beijing in if a crisis occurs:

1. The least likely option – China does nothing and de facto accepts the ruling:

What if Beijing simply issues the standard boilerplate statement, declares the South China Sea essentially its sovereign waters, and moves on?

This isn’t a bad option on the surface — China could continue to build on its fake islands in the area, turning them into small military bases armed to the teeth with the latest “carrier-killer” anti-ship weapons, rotate in large amounts of the latest fighter and bomber aircraft and turn the South China Sea into the ultimate anti-access/area-denial zone (A2/AD). In this scenario, Beijing is vocal about its anger towards the ruling, but simply presses on with that it is already doing, which one can argue has been very effective in consolidating its claims.

Such a reaction, mild by Chinese standards these days, seems highly unlikely. Xi Jinping and company will be under tremendous pressure to respond — forcefully and very publicly. The same old strategy won’t apply anymore — many Chinese citizens will demand a tough response, a projection of strength that Beijing won’t be pushed around anymore by external forces in what can only be described as China’s sphere of influence in the South China Sea.

This leads to only two other possibilities — and they all could instigate a dangerous superpower showdown.

2. The most likely option – China declares an Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ):

I would argue Beijing has been telegraphing this move for months now. In issuing statements or public comment when asked about the likelihood of such a declaration, most Chinese officials say something to the effect that while no ADIZ is planned at the moment, such a decision in the future would be based on the threat environment in the South China Sea — and I would argue a ruling against Beijing could be the basis to officially change their mind.

 

The rationale would be easy for Xi and senior leaders to justify in the official press: China would simply declare that it feels threatened by the ruling and that Beijing was simply “forced” into an ADIZ declaration based on the perceived wrongdoings of others and international pressure. And considering China has placed air-defense assets into the area and rotated in and out fighter aircraft, it would seem Beijing has at least a rough capability to make trouble — maybe declare such a zone, even it not completely enforceable, like in the East China Sea, but just a declaration would raise tensions dramatically. Such a zone, depending on its size and scope, could create a regional crisis drawing in parties from all over Asia. It would not be pretty to say the least — and Washington would have to respond, and not just by one or two B-52 flights either.

3. Another possible option – China goes rogue:

What if the deployment of an ADIZ was not enough in Beijing’s eyes and they wanted to press the issue as far as conceivably possible short of kinetic conflict? China could simply decide to press their weight in all of Asia’s flashpoints, essentially going rogue. For example:

– Beijing could increase dramatically the amount of air and naval patrols it conducts in the East China Sea — much to the anger of Japan. And while they are at it, why not start drilling for oil and natural gas in mass all over the area, beyond what is already causing great anxiety in Tokyo to begin with?

– China could decide to up the ante on Taiwan. President Xi could start cutting back dramatically the amount of tourists who come to the island. He could start slowing the amount of trade and investment that Taipei is now essentially dependent on. In fact, Xi has many possible points of pressure he could utilize to make Taiwan squirm — and he might find it very useful to change the conversation in Asia towards tensions across the Taiwan Strait.

– Maybe Beijing decides it’s time to reclaim Scarborough Shoal? This would be the most risky and controversial of moves — Washington seems to have signaled that it just might take some sort of action considering it has rotated assets like the A-10 Warthog and other aircraft in a show of force. However, what does America do if Chinese dredgers appear 150 or so miles off the Philippines coast and decide Scarborough is a great place for China’s next South China Sea military base?

Considering the stakes, Asia watchers the world over will have a busy few days before and after July 12th ruling. Unfortunately for the region, what happens next could give birth to an even more tense situation in the South China Sea — and considering China’s options and what it easily has the capacity to do and has done just in the last few years to dramatically alter the status quo, it seems we are in for a tense filled couple of months.

[Harry J. Kazianis is a Senior Fellow for Defense Policy at the Center for the National Interest and Senior Editor for The National Interest magazine. You can follow him on Twitter: @grecianformula.]

This first appeared in AsiaTimes here.

Image: Creative Commons. 

http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/south-china-sea-explosion-why-china-might-go-%E2%80%98rogue%E2%80%99-july-12-16813?page=2

Armed Forces names anti-coup force head

From the Manila Times (Jul 3): Armed Forces names anti-coup force head

COL. Vicente Gregorio Tomas has been named acting commander of the government’s anti-coup force.

The Armed Forces of the Philippines’ (AFP) Joint Task Force-National Capital Region (JTF-NCR) will honor its outgoing commander, Brig. Gen. Apolinario Alobba on Monday at the General Headquarters parade grounds in Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon City a day before his retirement on July 5.

A member of the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) Class of 1982, Alobba spent most of his time in Mindanao through numerous tours of duty, particularly in the 1st Infantry Tabak Division (ITD).

Prior to his leadership of the JTF-NCR, he served as the commander of the 101st Infantry Brigade based in Zamboanga del Norte.

 

Alobba was also the chief of staff of the 1st ITD and before that, the deputy brigade commander of the 403rd Infantry Brigade in Bukidnon.

He earned various awards including the prestigious Philippine Legion of Honor, three Distinguished Service Stars, Bronze Cross Medals and numerous military merit and commendation medals.

Meanwhile, Tomas, a member of the PMA Sandiwa Class of 1985, was previously assigned as chief of staff of the 2nd Infantry Division in Tanay, Rizal.

He is a cavalry officer who served as commander of the 5th Light Armor Battalion and contingent commander of the 12th Philippine Contingent to Liberia.

Besides being the government’s anti-coup force, the JTF-NCR is also involved in conventional and unconventional warfare, anti-guerrilla operations and crowd control management.

It also functions as a support unit of the National Capital Regional Police Office of the Philippine National Police in maintaining peace and order in Metro Manila.

http://www.manilatimes.net/armed-forces-names-anti-coup-force-head/271473/

‘Gazmin boys’ keep Defense posts

From The Standard (Jul 4): ‘Gazmin boys’ keep Defense posts

National Defense  Secretary Delfin Lorenzana has retained several appointees of his predecessor, Voltaire Gazmin, but he said their appointments would only be temporary  while he is looking for their  replacements.   

“Their stay is only temporary,  from two to six  months. It depends,” Lorenzana said.

Lorenzana denied allegation that Gazmin had requested the retention of his men at the DND. 

“No, it’s my decision to retain them,” Lorenzana said. 

On June 30,  Malacañang issued Memorandum Circular No. 1 directing  all government officials to continue serving in a hold-over capacity until the end of July, unless their appointments are sooner revoked, resignations accepted, replacements appointed or reappointments issued.

“Pursuant to relevant laws and regulations, all coterminus positions in excess of or not covered by an agency’s plantilla are hereby considered functus officio by   12:00 noon   of 30 June 2016, unless their occupants are otherwise directed by the head of agency/entity concerned to continue serving in hold-over capacity until   31 July 2016,” it stated.

One of the so-called “Gazmin boys”  is Ernesto Boac, former Assistant Secretary for Financial Management, who has a new post as   Asec   for Acquisition, Installation and Logistics, formerly held by former Asec Efren Fernandez. 

Roy Devaraturda, Assistant Secretary for Plans and Program, could be assigned chairman of the DND Bids and Awards Committee, formerly concurrently held by Boac.

Lorenzana has retained Raymund Jose Quilop, Assistant Secretary for Assessment and International Affairs.

Ernesto Carolina, Acting Administrator of the Philippine Veterans Affairs Office also retained his post. 

Lorenzana  retained Fermin de Leon Jr., president of the National Defense College of the Philippines. 

 Jonathan Martir, director of the Government Arsenal, kept his old post,  while   Peter Paul Reuben Galvez,  fprmer spokesman of Gazmin, was named acting Chief of Staff to SND. 

Galvez  has come under fire from the   media for his selective and inimical treatment  of reporters covering the  Defense beat. 

All these positions, Lorenzana reiterated, were “not dictated” to him by Gazmin who was his senior officer at the Presidential Security Group  during the time of the late President Corazon Aquino, mother of former President  Benigno Aquino III. 

He thanked Gazmin for extending his term as head of the Office of Veteran Affairs in Washington D.C., USA. 

“In effect I’m Gazmin’s appointee back then when President Pnoy Aquino won in 2010. But I want to clarify that the situation is different now and I thank Pres. Duterte for giving me his trust and confidence to lead DND. I really appreciate that,” Lorenzana said. 

Lorenzana also belied allegations that his retaining the “Gazmin boys” is somehow a  means  to cover up corruption issues plaguing  the DND.

Gazmin,    Boac and several other  defense officials were facing plunder charges  filed by whistleblower Rhodora Alvarez, an employee of the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR), before the Office of the Ombudsman over the botched P1.2 billion chopper deal. 

“Such allegation, I think, is misplaced. There will be no cover up on all these issues We will look into this and all other issues,” Lorenzana said. 

Lorenzana   denied that Gazmin allegedly asked him  to retain  the manager of the General Headquarters Golf Club who has been in the position for more than 1o years.

 “That’s not true. But I know the manager  and he is a good manager,” he said.

Asked about  the alleged meddling of Gazmin into the affairs of the Board of Generals  of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Lorenzana said he will not dip a finger into the affairs of the BOG.
 
“My job is to submit to the President the short list of senior officers recommended for promotion and designation. If the President would ask me later to comment on the short list that’s the only time I will give my opinion. I have no business in the BOG affairs,” Lorenzana said.   The GHQ Golf Club is under the jurisdiction of  AFP Chief of Staff, now being held by Lieutenant General Ricardo Visaya, not under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of National Defense.

Meanwhile, Lorenzana disclosed the composition of his new team who are also former military officers. 

He tapped Cardozo Luna as his Undersecretary of National Defense (USND). 

He also enslisted  the services of Cesar Yano as Undersecretary for Defense Operations. Yano is the brother of former AFP chief Gen. Alexander Yano.

Eduardo del Rosario has also been tapped as Undersecretary for Civil, Veterans and Retiree Affairs. Del Rosario was former head of the Office of Civil Defense (OCD) and concurrent executive director of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) led by the SND.

The OCD/NDRRMC is now headed by Ricardo Jalad.

Lorenzana said former AFP chief Gen. Ricardo David will be Assistant Secretary for Plans and Programs.  Aquino had appointed David commissioner of the Bureau of Immigration  but only to be sacked for alleged corruption issues.
 
Lorenzana appointed  Col. Arnel Duco as his Senior Military Adviser   and Col. Estrelieto Romero as commander of the Department Intelligence Service Group.

“My manta to my defense team is just do your job properly and be transparent,” he said.

http://thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/209822/-gazmin-boys-keep-defense-posts.html

Retired Analyst Analytical Note 001-2016: Chinese Propaganda/Information Operations on the South China Sea Issue (CCTV English Language Programing)

Retired Analyst Analytical Note 001-2016: Chinese Propaganda/Information Operations on the South China Sea Issue (CCTV English Language Programing)

In the run up to the much anticipated July 12 ruling by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the Hague on the The Republic of Philippines v. The People’s Republic of China case, the Chinese have mounted a robust propaganda effort that appears to have at least three major themes/messages: 1) argue the validity of historic Chinese claims to the South China Sea, 2) contend that the Court of Arbitration has no jurisdiction over the case, and 3)  assert that the Philippines should not have brought the case to the Permanent Court in the first place.

Chinese diplomats have mounted a propaganda offensive arguing their case for Chinese sovereignty over the South China Sea while simultaneously stating that China will not abide by the Court's ruling. The Chinese government has recently announced the conduct of military exercises near the Parcel Islands and Chinese print and broadcast media have supported this well-orchestrated propaganda campaign.

A cursory examination of CCTV programming related to the South China Sea provides insight into how robust Chinese information operations on this issue really are. Below are some of the propaganda broadcasts observed on CCTV since early June of this year.

Special Review on S. China Sea

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.1: China first to discover, name, develop islands2016-07-01 13:14:01

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.2: Experts on China's administration of islands2016-07-01 17:32:01

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.3: Why did the Philippines initiate the arbitration?2016-07-01 20:46:02

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.4: Arbitration harming dispute settlement2016-07-01 23:34:02

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.5: China refuses to accept S. China Sea arbitration2016-07-02 12:42:08

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.6: 'Dual-track approach' for South China Sea issue2016-07-02 18:02:03

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.7: Dialogues & negotiations for South China Sea issue2016-07-03 05:08:00

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.8: Why does US intervene in South China Sea?2016-07-03 10:36:00

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.9: U.S. involvement in the South China Sea destroyed regional peace and stability2016-07-03 12:48:00

·                                 Special Review on S. China Sea ep.10: China will firmly safeguard peace and stability in the S.China Sea2016-07-03 17:34:00

South China Sea FAQ

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 1: Can the South China Sea arbitration be fair?2016-06-08 10:30:02

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 2: What are China's historical claims to the South China Sea?2016-06-09 12:30:00

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 3: The Philippines misuses international law2016-06-10 12:36:00

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 4: Why is Huangyan Dao, known as Scarborough Shoal, Chinese territory?2016-06-12 14:10:39

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 5: What is the Nine-Dash, or Dotted, Line?2016-06-14 12:26:09

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 6: China's solution for resolving the disputes2016-06-18 12:46:00

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 7: How does China view US claims of freedom of navigation?2016-06-21 12:44:56

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 8: China's view on Philippines arbitration case2016-06-23 03:48:00

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 9: What is compulsory arbitration2016-06-24 13:02:04

·                                 South China Sea FAQ 9: What is compulsory arbitration2016-06-24 13:02:04

·                                 South China Sea FAQ ep10: Why is Huangyan Dao Chinese territory?2016-06-26 15:00:01

·                                 South China Sea FAQ ep11: Historical documents back China's claims2016-06-27 12:48:03

·                                 South China Sea FAQ ep12: Why does Beijing reject Manila's arbitration case?2016-06-28 12:46:00

·                                 South China Sea FAQ ep13: China’s solutions for resolving the dispute2016-06-29 12:

Related Videos

·                                 China urges US not to take sides over South China Sea disputes2016-06-03 12:32:57

·                                 Interview: China calls for bilateral means to solve S. China Sea disputes2016-06-04 12:42:01

·                                 Sun: Not here for confrontation, S. China Sea is not the only issue2016-06-05 08:12:00

·                                 China favors 'dual-track' approach to S. China Sea issue2016-06-05 09:30:02

·                                 China tells Japan to stay out of S. China Sea row2016-06-05 09:30:00

·                                 Sub-anchor: Coral reefs' deterioration in S.China Sea alarming2016-06-04 05:48:01

·                                 Chinese Admiral reiterates stance on S. China Sea2016-06-05 15:16:08

·                                 Studio interview: China advocates dialogue for S. China Sea disputes2016-06-05 12:56:02

·                                 South China Sea issue dominates discussion at Shangri-La Dialogue2016-06-06 06:08:23

·                                 More nations support China's stance on S. China Sea issue2016-06-07 05:42:02

·                                 Studio interview: Expected outcomes on South China Sea situation2016-06-07 06:00:04

·                                 China, US narrow differences over South China Sea2016-06-08 06:40:00

·                                 MOFA: Arbitration violates DOC and UNCLOS2016-06-08 17:18:13

·                                 Can the South China Sea arbitration be fair?2016-06-08 10:30:02

·                                 China urges US to stop air surveillance over China Sea2016-06-09 08:40:02

·                                 China's legal basis to reject arbitration2016-06-09 00:22:01

·                                 China urges Philippines to withdraw arbitration case2016-06-09 11:22:01

·                                 Sub-anchor: The Philippines vs. China over arbitration2016-06-09 04:14:01

·                                 Chinese diplomat: Stop playing fire in the South China Sea2016-06-11 10:32:18

·                                 Japan: Will work closely with US to resolve tensions in East China Sea2016-06-11 19:30:36

·                                 Chinese diplomat refutes WSJ editorial on S. China Sea2016-06-12 06:18:32

·                                 ASEAN FMs meeting to focus on South China Sea2016-06-14 05:52:01

·                                 Sierra Leone calls parties to resolve S. China Sea disputes through dialogue2016-06-15 13:12:00

·                                 Almost 60 countries declare support for China on S. China Sea issue2016-06-15 13:12:02

·                                 China & ASEAN hold talks over S. China Sea issue2016-06-15 00:22:00

·                                 China: There is no ASEAN joint statement on South China Sea2016-06-16 10:32:02

·                                 Foreign parties support China's stance for dialogues over the South China Sea issue2016-06-22 10:26:24

·                                 Chinese FM: Dozens of countries support China on South China Sea issue2016-06-22 10:25:48

·                                 China reaffirms position on South China Sea issue2016-06-25 15:34:12

·                                 Foreign parties support China's stance on South Sea issue2016-06-26 17:42:04

·                                 Experts call for reasonable and effective dialogue on South China Sea2016-06-28 12:46:00

·                                 South China Sea FAQ ep13: China's solution for resolving the disputes2016-06-29 10:40:06

·                                 China says Arbitral Tribunal has no jurisdiction over South China Sea case2016-06-30 10:30:06

·                                 Expert: Negotiation is only way for South China Sea issues2016-07-01 14:28:09

·                                 Direct talks are the only solution on South China Sea issue2016-07-02 19:32:03

http://english.cctv.com/